An in vitro menstrual cycle using organoids captures epithelial cell transitions during menstruation and regeneration of the human endometrium

Menstruation is an unusual process in which the human endometrium undergoes cyclical shedding with scarless regeneration. Despite its pivotal role in reproductive health, the cellular states and interactions orchestrating this process remain poorly defined, largely due to the lack of in vitro systems that capture the inaccessible perimenstrual window. We use human endometrial organoids to establis…