Effects of exercise on bone metabolism in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Objective To assess the impact of exercise on bone metabolism in postmenopausal women through meta-analysis, and to offer evidence-based guidance for preventing and managing osteoporosis in this population. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and other databases using keywords such as “exercise,” “postmenopausal women,” and “bone metabolism” to identify randomized controlled trials published up to…